Dong Quai

Overview

Dong Quai, also known as Angelica sinensis or Chinese Angelica, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine primarily used for women"s health issues. It has been called the \"female ginseng\" due to its historical use in alleviating menstrual cramps, menopausal symptoms, and other gynecological conditions¹. Traditionally, Dong Quai root has been used for centuries in East Asia to support hormonal balance and improve blood circulation. It is classified as an herbal supplement with anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and hormonal properties³.

Forms and Variations

Dong Quai is commonly available as dried root, capsules, powders, and herbal teas. It is often combined with other herbs in traditional formulations to enhance its effects, especially for menstrual and menopausal support⁴. Variations include standardized extracts that concentrate active compounds such as ligustilides. The choice of form depends on the intended use, convenience, and absorption considerations. For example, capsules and extracts offer consistent dosing, while teas are preferred for traditional use and mild effects³.

Dosage and Administration

Recommended dosages vary widely depending on the product and condition treated. Typical oral doses range from 500 mg to 1500 mg of dried root daily, often divided into two or three doses³. Dong Quai is usually taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. Because it is often combined with other herbs, following product-specific instructions or healthcare provider guidance is important. Consistent use over weeks is common to observe benefits, especially for menstrual or menopausal symptoms².

Scientific Research and Mechanism of Action

Scientific studies have explored Dong Quai"s effects on blood circulation, hormonal modulation, and inflammation. Its root contains compounds such as ligustilides and polysaccharides that exhibit anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and neuroprotective activities in vitro and animal models⁴. Dong Quai may influence estrogen metabolism and improve uterine blood flow, which could explain its traditional use in menstrual regulation. Clinical evidence is mixed; some studies suggest benefits for menstrual pain and anemia, while others find limited efficacy for menopausal hot flashes^{14. Research also indicates potential protective effects against chemotherapy toxicity and cardiovascular conditions, but more human trials are needed4.}

Benefits and Potential Uses

Dong Quai is primarily used to address menstrual cramps, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), menopausal symptoms, and anemia³. It may help reduce menstrual pain by improving blood flow and modulating inflammation. Some evidence supports its use in managing mild anemia due to its hematopoietic properties. It has also been used for migraines and joint pain, though these uses are less well studied¹. Dong Quai has been investigated for premature ejaculation treatment when combined with other ingredients, but evidence is limited². Emerging research suggests possible benefits in reducing chemotherapy side effects and cardiovascular protection, but these require further validation⁴.

Side Effects and Risks

Common side effects of Dong Quai include increased blood pressure, bloating, diarrhea, headache, fever, and increased sensitivity to sunlight³. Because of its anticoagulant properties, it may increase bleeding risk, especially when combined with blood-thinning medications. People with bleeding disorders or those preparing for surgery should use caution. Allergic reactions are rare but possible. It is not recommended during pregnancy due to potential uterine stimulation².

Interactions and Precautions

Dong Quai can interact with anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs, increasing bleeding risk. It may also interact with blood pressure medications due to its potential to raise blood pressure³. Caution is advised for individuals with hormone-sensitive conditions such as breast or uterine cancer because of its estrogen-like effects. It should be avoided before surgery and during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless supervised by a healthcare provider^23.

Impact on Biomarkers

Dong Quai may influence blood coagulation markers due to its anticoagulant effects, potentially prolonging clotting times. It may also affect estrogen-related biomarkers given its phytoestrogen content. Some studies suggest it can improve hemoglobin levels in anemia, reflecting its hematopoietic activity⁴. Regular monitoring is recommended when used with other medications affecting blood or hormones.

Overdose and Toxicity

Over-supplementation of Dong Quai can increase the risk of bleeding, especially in combination with anticoagulants. Symptoms of toxicity may include excessive bleeding, dizziness, and gastrointestinal upset. There is no well-established toxic dose, but adherence to recommended dosages is important. Due to limited regulation of herbal supplements, sourcing from reputable manufacturers reduces contamination risks².

Disclaimer

The information provided in this document is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. It is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional for any health concerns or before making any decisions related to your health or treatment.